I’m Steve Ember.
This week in our series, we look back at some of the social issues and cultural changes in America in the nineteen seventies and eighties.
In some ways, the nineteen eighties seemed like the opposite of the nineteen sixties.
The sixties were years of protest for social justice and change.
Many Americans demonstrated against the Vietnam War.
Blacks demonstrated for civil rights.
Women demonstrated for equality.
Many people welcomed new social programs created by the government.
By the nineteen eighties, however, many people seemed more concerned with themselves than with helping society.
To them, success was measured mainly by how much money a person made.
People wanted to live the good life, and that took money.
The changes started to become evident during the nineteen seventies.
For a while, these years brought a continuation of the social experiments and struggles of the sixties.
But then people began to see signs of what society would be like in the eighties.
There were a number of reasons for this change.
One reason was the end to America’s military involvement in Vietnam after years of war.
Another was the progress of civil rights activists and the women’s movement toward many of their goals.
A third reason was the economy.
During the nineteen seventies, the United States suffered a recession.
Interest rates and inflation were high.
A shortage of imported oil as a result of tensions in the Middle East only added to the problems.
As the nineteen seventies went on, many Americans became tired of economic struggle.
They also became tired of social struggle.
They had been working together for common interests.
Now, many wanted to spend more time on their own interests.
This change appeared in many parts of society.
It affected popular culture, education and politics.
ARCHIE (CARROLL O’CONNOR): “Lemme hear your idea again.”
MICHAEL (ROB REINER): “OK, I want us to watch Jack Lemmon and a group of famous scientists discuss pollution and ecology on Channel Thirteen.”
ARCHIE: “Good. And I wanna watch football highlights on channel two.
Now guess what’s gonna happen.”
One of the most popular television programs of that time was a comedy series that often dealt with politics and serious social issues.
The show was called "All in the Family."
The family was led by a factory worker named Archie Bunker.
Carroll O’Connor played Archie, and Jean Stapleton played his wife, Edith.
The Bunkers lived in a working-class neighborhood in the Queens borough of New York City.
Archie represented the struggles of the blue-collar working man against the social changes in America.
He loved his country and was socially conservative -- in the extreme.
ARCHIE: “What about John Wayne?
And before you say anything, lemme warn you –- when you’re talking about ‘The Duke,’ you ain’t just ta you’re talking about the spirit that made America great.”
MICHAEL: “Are you kidding?”
His opinions on subjects like race and women’s equality were always good for an argument with his liberal daughter and even more liberal son-in-law.
MICHAEL: “Good. I can mail my letter today and it’ll get to Washington by Monday.”
EDITH (JEAN STAPLETON): “Washington – Are you writing to Washington?
GLORIA (SALLY ANN STRUTHERS): “That’s right. Michael wrote the president.”
ARCHIE: “Write to the president, about what?”
GLORIA: “All the things we’ve been talking about – the pollution of our air, the pollution of our water, the way us housewives have no protection from foods without nutrition, how they make products with harmful things in ‘em.
Like you saw what happened to Michael from that shirt.”
ARCHIE: “You, Michael Stivic, Meathead, you have the nerve to write to the president of the United States about your rash?”
Edith would always try to make peace.
EDITH: “Maybe he knows a good skin man [dermatologist].”
(MUSIC: “Happy Days” theme Song)
Another popular program, "Happy Days," about family life in the nineteen fifties, offered an escape from the social issues of the day.
Music also changed.
In the nineteen sixties, folk music was popular.
Many of those folk songs were about social issues.
But in the nineteen seventies, there was hard rock and punk.
TV Master of Ceremonies: “Here is Wonder Mike, Hank, and Master G, The Sugarhill Gang.”
And in nineteen seventy-nine a group called the Sugarhill Gang brought rap music to national attention with a hit called "Rapper’s Delight."
(MUSIC: “Rappers Delight”)
In bookstores, the growing number of self-help books offered another sign of social change.
These books advised people about ways to make themselves happier.
One of the most popular self-help books was "I’m OK -- You’re OK" by Doctor Thomas A. Harris.
It was published in nineteen sixty-nine and led the way for many other popular psychology books throughout the seventies.
Politically, the United States went through several changes during the nineteen seventies.
For most of the sixties the nation was governed by liberal Democratic administrations.
Then in nineteen sixty-eight a conservative Republican, Richard Nixon, was elected president.
Nixon won a second term four years later, but had to resign in nineteen seventy-four because of the Watergate scandal.
Nixon’s vice president, Gerald Ford, took his place.
Two years later, Ford was defeated by Jimmy Carter, a Democrat who until then was little known nationally.
The election showed that Americans were angry with the Republican Party because of Watergate.
But they soon became unhappy with President Carter.
They blamed him for failing to improve the economy and for failing to end a crisis involving American hostages in Iran.
He lost his re-election campaign to Ronald Reagan.
RONALD REAGAN: “Are you better off than you were four years ago?”
Reagan, a Republican, won two terms and led the nation during most of the nineteen eighties.
For many people, the Reagan years offered a renewed sense of economic opportunity.
Reagan reduced taxes, which increased his popularity.
But the national debt grew as he raised military spending to put pressure on the Soviet Union.
The self-centeredness of many people in the seventies and eighties gave rise to terms like the "me" generation."
And there was the rise of "yuppies" -- young urban professionals remaking older neighborhoods in cities, often displacing poorer people.
Popular entertainment at that time was often about financial success.
TV ANNOUNCER: “Premiering Sunday, April second, ‘Dallas,’ where money buys power and passion breeds conflict.”
"Dallas" was a TV drama about a Texas oil family with more money, and more problems, than they knew what to do with.
It became a hit not just in the United States but around the world.
Actor Larry Hagman played J.R.
J.R. (LARRY HAGMAN): “Your daddy lacked the killer instinct.
He forgave those who transgressed against him.
People just weren’t afraid of him.
And he overlooked ol’ J.R.’s golden rules.
CASEY (ANDREW STEVENS): “And what might they be?”
JR: “Don’t forgive and don’t forget.
And do unto others, before they do unto you.
And, most especially, keep your eye on your friends, ‘cause your enemies will take care of themselves.
Oh, and one other thing – the oil business is a little bit like a poker game.
It’s good to get caught bluffing early on, ‘cause, after that, somebody’s gonna call you when you’ve got a winning hand.”
(MUSIC: “Dynasty” theme)
"Dynasty" was another popular series about rich people behaving badly.
One of its stars was veteran actor John Forsythe.
JOHN FORSYTHE as Blake Carrington: “Those banks are going to find out that they’ve got more than they can handle.
Denver Carrington is Blake Carrington, and they’ll come begging to me to run the company again.
I know they will.
And I’ll make them get down on their knees when they come begging.”
There was also "Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous," a series about real-life wealthy people, hosted by Robin Leach.
ROBIN LEACH: “Our bustling capital city combines the chic with the freak, the ‘Oh, God’ with the avant garde.
So let’s go ‘upper deck’ with a couple of my good friends, and run away with the rich and famous…”
And at the movie theater, there was the nineteen eighty-seven film "Wall Street."
GORDON GECKO (MICHAEL DOUGLAS): “The point is, ladies and gentlemen, that greed, for lack of a better word, is good.
Greed is right.
Greed works.”
Michael Douglas played a character named Gordon Gecko, who earns his wealth by raiding companies and illegally trading on inside information.
MICHAEL DOUGLAS: “Greed clarifies, cuts through, and captures the essence of the evolutionary spirit.
Greed, in all of its forms, greed for life, for money, for love, knowledge, has marked the upward surge of mankind.
And greed – you mark my words – will not only save Teldar Paper, but that other malfunctioning corporation called the U.S.A.
Thank you very much."
(MUSIC: “Rambo” theme)
Good triumphed over evil in the "Rambo" action films starring Sylvester Stallone.
He played a troubled hero who had fought in Vietnam.
The films were violent.
But they represented a more positive view than society had shown in the past toward veterans of that unpopular war.
In the nineteen eighties people came to fear a new disease that could be spread by sex or blood.
It was the rise of the AIDS epidemic.
At the same time a new drug -- crack cocaine -- started a wave of violence in American cities.
Technology was also on the rise.
TV ANNOUNCER: “You don’t have to be a genius to use a computer.
Let Computer Land show you how easy it is to manage your own small business or home finances with the Atari Eight Hundred.
Record keeping, information, communication, and a world of new ideas from Atari.”
Personal computers appeared in more and more offices, schools and homes.
The nineteen eighties brought stardom to young entertainer Michael Jackson.
(MUSIC: “Beat It”/Michael Jackson)
And no history of the eighties would be complete without noting the rise of Music Television -- better known as MTV.
You can find our series online with transcripts, MP3s, podcasts and pictures at voaspecialenglish.com.
You can also follow us on Facebook and Twitter at VOA Learning English.
I’m Steve Ember, inviting you to join us again next week for THE MAKING OF A NATION -- American history in VOA Special English.
美国历史：20世纪70年代到80年代的美国生活
American History: Life in the 1970s and ’80s
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双击原文单词查看解释
STEVE EMBER: Welcome to THE MAKING OF A NATION -- American history in VOA Special English. I’m Steve Ember.
欢迎来到美国之音慢速英语——国家的建立。
This week in our series, we look back at some of the social issues and cultural changes in America in the nineteen seventies and eighties.
本周我们的节目，我们将聊聊美国在20世纪70年代到80年代社会问题和文化变迁。
In some ways, the nineteen eighties seemed like the opposite of the nineteen sixties. The sixties were years of protest for social justice and change. Many Americans demonstrated against the Vietnam War. Blacks demonstrated for civil rights. Women demonstrated for equality. Many people welcomed new social programs created by the government.
在某些方面，20世纪80年代似乎是20世纪60年代的相反面。 六十年代是为社会正义和变革而抗议的年代。很多美国人示威抗议越南战争。黑人为公民权利而示威。女性为男女平等而示威。 许多人欢迎由政府创造的新社会计划。
By the nineteen eighties, however, many people seemed more concerned with themselves than with helping society. To them, success was measured mainly by how much money a person made. People wanted to live the good life, and that took money.
然而，到二十世纪八十年代，相比帮助社会许多人似乎更关心自己。对他们来说，成功主要以赚多少钱来衡量。人们想要过好的生活，并且拿到钱。
The changes started to become evident during the nineteen seventies. For a while, these years brought a continuation of the social experiments and struggles of the sixties.
变化在20世纪70年代变得明显。一段时间内，这些年社会实验与60年代以以来的抗争仍在继续。
But then people began to see signs of what society would be like in the eighties. There were a number of reasons for this change.
但随后人们开始看到80年代的社会会变成怎样的迹象。造成这种变化有许多原因。
One reason was the end to America’s military involvement in Vietnam after years of war.Another was the progress of civil rights activists and the women’s movement toward many of their goals.
原因之一是美国在多年战事后结束在越南的战争。另一个是公民权利领导者与妇女希望达成男女平等的运动取得的进展。
A third reason was the economy. During the nineteen seventies, the United States suffered a recession. Interest rates and inflation were high. A shortage of imported oil as a result of tensions in the Middle East only added to the problems.
第三个原因是经济。在二十世纪七十年代，美国遭遇了经济衰退。利率和通货膨胀率很高。进口石油短缺，中东地区的紧张局势使这个问题更难解决。
As the nineteen seventies went on, many Americans became tired of economic struggle. They also became tired of social struggle. They had been working together for common interests. Now, many wanted to spend more time on their own interests.
随着二十世纪七十年代的推移，许多美国人开始厌倦了经济斗争。他们也因社会斗争疲惫了。他们一直因共同利益而协力工作。 现在，许多人想在自己的利益方面花更多时间。
This change appeared in many parts of society. It affected popular culture, education and politics.
这种变化出现在社会的许多方面。它影响了流行文化，教育和政治。
ARCHIE (CARROLL O’CONNOR): “Lemme hear your idea again.”
“让我再听下你的想法。”
MICHAEL (ROB REINER): “OK, I want us to watch Jack Lemmon and a group of famous scientists discuss pollution and ecology on Channel Thirteen.”
“好吧，我想在13频道观看Jack Lemmon与其他著名科学家讨论污染与生态学。”
ARCHIE: “Good. And I wanna watch football highlights on channel two. Now guess what’s gonna happen.”
“好的，我想在2频道观看足球的亮点。现在猜猜会发生什么。”
One of the most popular television programs of that time was a comedy series that often dealt with politics and serious social issues. The show was called "All in the Family." The family was led by a factory worker named Archie Bunker. Carroll O’Connor played Archie, and Jean Stapleton played his wife, Edith. The Bunkers lived in a working-class neighborhood in the Queens borough of New York City.
当时最流行的电视节目之一，是一个喜剧系列，时常关注政治和严重的社会问题。这个节目被称为《都在家庭里》。该家庭由一名工厂工人Archie Bunker领导。Archie Bunker扮演Archie， Jean Stapleton 扮演他的妻子Edith。Bunkers 家庭居住在纽约市皇后区的工人阶级地区。
Archie represented the struggles of the blue-collar working man against the social changes in America. He loved his country and was socially conservative -- in the extreme.
Archie 代表了蓝领工人面对美国社会变化的抗争。他爱他的国家，并且极端的社会保守。
ARCHIE: “What about John Wayne? And before you say anything, lemme warn you –- when you’re talking about ‘The Duke,’ you ain’t just ta you’re talking about the spirit that made America great.”
“那么 John Wayne又如何呢？在你说啥之前，让我提醒你——当你谈论“公爵”，你不只是在谈论一名演员；你是在谈论使美国伟大的精神。”
MICHAEL: “Are you kidding?”
“你在开玩笑吗？”
His opinions on subjects like race and women’s equality were always good for an argument with his liberal daughter and even more liberal son-in-law.
他对种族和男女平等问题的看法与他自由主义的女儿与更倾向自由的女婿而言总是争论的话题。
MICHAEL: “Good. I can mail my letter today and it’ll get to Washington by Monday.”
“好，我今天可以邮寄我的信，它周一会到达华盛顿。”
EDITH (JEAN STAPLETON): “Washington – Are you writing to Washington?
“华盛顿 —— 你写信到华盛顿？
GLORIA (SALLY ANN STRUTHERS): “That’s right. Michael wrote the president.”
“是啊，Michael写给总统的信。”
ARCHIE: “Write to the president, about what?”
“写给总统，关于啥？”
GLORIA: “All the things we’ve been talking about – the pollution of our air, the pollution of our water, the way us housewives have no protection from foods without nutrition, how they make products with harmful things in ‘em. Like you saw what happened to Michael from that shirt.”
“所有我们谈论的东西——我们空气的污染，我们水的污染，我们家庭主妇对于无营养的食物没有保护意识，他们如何用有害的东西制作东西。”就像你亲眼看到的那样。”
ARCHIE: “You, Michael Stivic, Meathead, you have the nerve to write to the president of the United States about your rash?”
“你， Michael Stivic, Meathead, 有勇气写信给美国总统，谈论你的皮疹吗？”
Edith would always try to make peace.
Edith 总是试图制造和平。
EDITH: “Maybe he knows a good skin man [dermatologist].”
“也许他知道一位皮肤病学家。”
(MUSIC: “Happy Days” theme Song)
Another popular program, "Happy Days," about family life in the nineteen fifties, offered an escape from the social issues of the day.
另一个受欢迎的节目，《快乐的日子》，关于20世纪50年代的家庭生活，为逃离当时的社会问题提供了出口。
Music also changed. In the nineteen sixties, folk music was popular. Many of those folk songs were about social issues. But in the nineteen seventies, there was hard rock and punk.
音乐也发生了改变。在二十世纪六十年代，民间音乐很流行。许多这些民歌都关于社会问题。但在20世纪70年代，有重摇滚与朋克音乐。
TV Master of Ceremonies: “Here is Wonder Mike, Hank, and Master G, The Sugarhill Gang.”
“这里有Wonder Mike, Hank, 和 Master G, The Sugarhill Gang。”
And in nineteen seventy-nine a group called the Sugarhill Gang brought rap music to national attention with a hit called "Rapper’s Delight."
1979年，一个被称为Sugarhill Gang 的团体因一首主打曲《嘻哈的喜悦》使嘻哈音乐得到了全国的关注。
(MUSIC: “Rappers Delight”)
In bookstores, the growing number of self-help books offered another sign of social change. These books advised people about ways to make themselves happier. One of the most popular self-help books was "I’m OK -- You’re OK" by Doctor Thomas A. Harris. It was published in nineteen sixty-nine and led the way for many other popular psychology books throughout the seventies.
在书店里，越来越多的自助书籍提供了另一种社会变革的迹象。这些书告诉人们如何使自己更快乐。最流行的自助书籍之一是由 Thomas A. Harris博士所著的《我OK——你OK》。这本书在1979年出版并且带领了70年代其他流行的心理学著作风潮。
Politically, the United States went through several changes during the nineteen seventies. For most of the sixties the nation was governed by liberal Democratic administrations. Then in nineteen sixty-eight a conservative Republican, Richard Nixon, was elected president.
在政治领域，在七十年代，美国经历了一些变化。60年代大部分时间美国由自由民主党政府执政。1978年，一位保守共和党人，理查德 · 尼克松被选为总统。
Nixon won a second term four years later, but had to resign in nineteen seventy-four because of the Watergate scandal. Nixon’s vice president, Gerald Ford, took his place. Two years later, Ford was defeated by Jimmy Carter, a Democrat who until then was little known nationally.
4年后，尼克松赢得了第二个任期，但由于水门丑闻不得不在1974年辞职。尼克松的副总统Gerald Ford接任了他的位置。两年后，福特被Jimmy Carter击败， Jimmy Carter这位民主党人在当时在美国鲜为人知。
The election showed that Americans were angry with the Republican Party because of Watergate. But they soon became unhappy with President Carter. They blamed him for failing to improve the economy and for failing to end a crisis involving American hostages in Iran. He lost his re-election campaign to Ronald Reagan.
这次选举结果表明美国人因水门事件对共和党相当愤怒。但他们很快就对Carter总统感到不满。 他们指责他未能改善经济并且没有失败地应对了在伊朗的美国人质危机。他再次竞选总统时负于罗纳德 · 里根。
RONALD REAGAN: “Are you better off than you were four years ago?”
“你是否比四年前更好了？”
Reagan, a Republican, won two terms and led the nation during most of the nineteen eighties. For many people, the Reagan years offered a renewed sense of economic opportunity. Reagan reduced taxes, which increased his popularity. But the national debt grew as he raised military spending to put pressure on the Soviet Union.
共和党人里根，赢得了两个任期，在20世纪80年代大部分时间领导美国。对于许多人来说，里根时代提供了经济机会更新的感觉。里根见面税收，这增加了他的知名度。但随着他增加军费开支以对苏联施压，国家的债务也随之增长。
The self-centeredness of many people in the seventies and eighties gave rise to terms like the "me" generation." And there was the rise of "yuppies" -- young urban professionals remaking older neighborhoods in cities, often displacing poorer people.
70、80年代许多人以自我为中心，这也造成了“我的时代”这一流行词汇的产生。另外还有“雅皮士”的兴起——年轻的城市设计专家取代贫民重建了城市的地区。
Popular entertainment at that time was often about financial success.
当时流行的娱乐通常是财务上的成功。
TV ANNOUNCER: “Premiering Sunday, April second, ‘Dallas,’ where money buys power and passion breeds conflict.”
“《达拉斯》在4月2日周日首映，讲述了金钱购买力量，激情滋生冲突。”
"Dallas" was a TV drama about a Texas oil family with more money, and more problems, than they knew what to do with. It became a hit not just in the United States but around the world. Actor Larry Hagman played J.R.
《达拉斯》是一个点数据，讲述了一个有许多资产许多麻烦的德州家族，以及他们如何处理这些问题。这部美剧不仅在美国流行，全世界同样流行。演员Larry Hagman扮演J.R。
J.R. (LARRY HAGMAN): “Your daddy lacked the killer instinct. He forgave those who transgressed against him. People just weren’t afraid of him. And he overlooked ol’ J.R.’s golden rules.
“你老爸缺少杀手的本能。他原谅了那些违背他的人。人们只是不怕他。他忽略了J.R的黄金法则。
CASEY (ANDREW STEVENS): “And what might they be?”
“他们会怎样？”
JR: “Don’t forgive and don’t forget. And do unto others, before they do unto you. And, most especially, keep your eye on your friends, ‘cause your enemies will take care of themselves. Oh, and one other thing – the oil business is a little bit like a poker game. It’s good to get caught bluffing early on, ‘cause, after that, somebody’s gonna call you when you’ve got a winning hand.”
“不要原谅，不要忘记。在他们对你做一件事前，先对其他人做同样的事。最特别的是，留意你的朋友，‘因为你的敌人会照顾好他们自己。哦，另一件事——石油业务很像扑克游戏。在早期虚张声势被抓住很好，‘因为，在这之后，当你有一手可以赢的牌时有人才会叫你。”
(MUSIC: “Dynasty” theme)
"Dynasty" was another popular series about rich people behaving badly. One of its stars was veteran actor John Forsythe.
《王朝》是另一部关于有钱人不受欢迎的电视剧。其明星之一是老牌演员John Forsythe。
JOHN FORSYTHE as Blake Carrington: “Those banks are going to find out that they’ve got more than they can handle. Denver Carrington is Blake Carrington, and they’ll come begging to me to run the company again. I know they will. And I’ll make them get down on their knees when they come begging.”
“这些银行会发现他们根本无法处理那么多的事情。”Denver Carrington 是Blake Carrington，他们会再次来祈求我运作这个公司。我知道他们会。当他们来乞讨时我会让他们跪下求我。
There was also "Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous," a series about real-life wealthy people, hosted by Robin Leach.
还有《有钱名人的生活方式》，关于有钱人真实生活的电视剧，由Robin Leach主演。
ROBIN LEACH: “Our bustling capital city combines the chic with the freak, the ‘Oh, God’ with the avant garde. So let’s go ‘upper deck’ with a couple of my good friends, and run away with the rich and famous…”
“我们繁华首都结合了高雅与怪胎，惊讶与前卫。因此，让我们几个好朋友去“上层”，与富人和名人同行。”
And at the movie theater, there was the nineteen eighty-seven film "Wall Street."
电影院，有1987年电影《华尔街》。
GORDON GECKO (MICHAEL DOUGLAS): “The point is, ladies and gentlemen, that greed, for lack of a better word, is good. Greed is right. Greed works.”
“关键是，女士们，先生们，贪婪，缺乏一个更好的词，很好。贪婪是正确的。贪婪有效。”
Michael Douglas played a character named Gordon Gecko, who earns his wealth by raiding companies and illegally trading on inside information.
Michael Douglas扮演了一位名叫 Gordon Gecko的人，他通过抢劫公司与非法交易内部信息赚取他的财富。
MICHAEL DOUGLAS: “Greed clarifies, cuts through, and captures the essence of the evolutionary spirit. Greed, in all of its forms, greed for life, for money, for love, knowledge, has marked the upward surge of mankind. And greed – you mark my words – will not only save Teldar Paper, but that other malfunctioning corporation called the U.S.A. Thank you very much."
“贪婪澄清，减少并抓取了净化精神的精髓。 贪婪的所有形式，对生命、金钱、爱情、只是的贪婪，标志了人类的向上的奔腾。贪婪——记住我的话——不仅能节省Teldar 纸，还能拯救美国这个其他的出故障的公司。非常感谢。”
(MUSIC: “Rambo” theme)
Good triumphed over evil in the "Rambo" action films starring Sylvester Stallone. He played a troubled hero who had fought in Vietnam. The films were violent. But they represented a more positive view than society had shown in the past toward veterans of that unpopular war.
在史泰龙主演的电影《第一滴血》中正义战胜了邪恶。他扮演一个在越南战斗的陷入困境的英雄。这部电影很暴力。但相比过去社会对那场不受欢迎的战争老兵的看法，这部电影代表了更积极的观点。
In the nineteen eighties people came to fear a new disease that could be spread by sex or blood. It was the rise of the AIDS epidemic.
20世纪80年代人们担心新的疾病可以通过性与血液传播。由于艾滋病疫情的上升。
At the same time a new drug -- crack cocaine -- started a wave of violence in American cities.
与此同时，一种新的药物——可卡因——在美国城市开始一场暴力浪潮。
Technology was also on the rise.
技术也呈上升趋势。
TV ANNOUNCER: “You don’t have to be a genius to use a computer. Let Computer Land show you how easy it is to manage your own small business or home finances with the Atari Eight Hundred. Record keeping, information, communication, and a world of new ideas from Atari.”
“使用电脑并非需要你是一位天才。让计算机的雅达利800软件展示管理你的小型企业与家庭财政是多么容易。持记录、 信息、 通信和来自雅达利的一个世界的新的想法。
Personal computers appeared in more and more offices, schools and homes.
个人电脑出现在越来越多的办公室，学校和家庭中。
The nineteen eighties brought stardom to young entertainer Michael Jackson.
二十世纪八十年代带来了年轻的艺人明星迈克尔 · 杰克逊。
(MUSIC: “Beat It”/Michael Jackson)
And no history of the eighties would be complete without noting the rise of Music Television -- better known as MTV.
80年代的历史不会完整如果没有音乐电视（MTV）的崛起。
You can find our series online with transcripts, MP3s, podcasts and pictures at voaspecialenglish.com. You can also follow us on Facebook and Twitter at VOA Learning English. I’m Steve Ember, inviting you to join us again next week for THE MAKING OF A NATION -- American history in VOA Special English.
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