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传统节日介绍中英文对照：中秋节来历的传说和起源
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中秋节是中国人的传统节日之一，每年农历8月15日庆祝。传说月亮在这一天最大最圆。
The August Moon Festival or Mid-Autumn Festival (Chinese characters above) is one of the traditional Chinese holidays. It is held on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month. Chinese legends say that the moon is at its brightest and roundest on this day. Based on the Gregorian calendar, this year's August Moon Festival will be held on September 19.
中秋节是中国人的传统节日之一，每年农历8月15日庆祝。传说月亮在这一天最大最圆。根据推算，今年公历9月19日为中秋节。
The August Moon Festival is often called the Women's Festival. The moon (Chinese character on right) symbolizes elegance and beauty. While Westerners worship the sun (yang or male) for its power, people in the Far East admire the moon. The moon is the 'yin' or female principle and it is a trusted friend. Chinese parents often name their daughters after the moon, in hope that they will be as lovely as the moon.
中秋节也被称为女人的节日，月（汉字部首）象征着优雅与美丽。而西方人则崇尚太阳（阳刚或男性）的力量，东亚地区的人们则崇尚月亮。月亮代表&阴&或女性，并且被看做是可靠的朋友。中国的父母总喜欢以&月&为女儿取名，为的是希望她们像月亮一样可爱。
The Moon FairyLady - 'Chang Er'
月亮仙子&&嫦娥
In fact, many ancient August Moon folktales are about a moon maiden. On the 15th night of the 8th lunar moon, little children on earth can see a lady on the moon.
实际上，古代很多关于八月月圆的故事都跟一位月亮仙子有关。在阴历8月15的晚上，小孩子都能看到月亮上有一位女子。
The story about the lady took place around 2170 B.C. At that time, the earth had ten suns circling it, each taking its turn to illuminate to the earth. But one day all ten suns appeared together, scorching the earth with their heat. The earth was saved by a strong and tyrannical archer named Hou Yi. He succeeded in shooting down nine of the suns. One day, Hou Yi stole the elixir of life from a goddess. However, his beautiful wife Chang E drank the elixir of life in order to save the people from her husband's tyrannical rule. After drinking it, she found herself floating and flew all the way to the moon. Hou Yi loved his divinely beautiful wife so much, he refused to shoot down the moon.
这个故事发生在公元前2170年左右，那个时候，天上有十个太阳，它们轮流照亮地上。但有一天，十个太阳一同出现，他们发出的热量烧焦了地上的作物。一位身强体壮、性格暴虐名叫后羿的弓箭手拯救了人间。他成功接连射落九个太阳。有一天，后羿偷了一位神仙的长生不老药。而他美丽的妻子嫦娥为了帮助人们脱离他暴虐的统治偷偷喝下了长生不老药。喝下药之后他发现自己飘浮起来并飞向了月亮。后裔十分爱他美若天仙的妻子，他不忍心将她从月亮上射落。
People believed that the lady was a god who lived in the moon that made the moon shine. Girls who wanted to be a beauty and have a handsome husband should worship the moon. And on this magical occasion, children who make wishes to the Lady on the Moon will find their dreams come true.
人们认为嫦娥是住在月亮上的仙子，所以月亮才会发光。女孩子如果想要变得漂亮并且有一位如意郎君都要供奉月亮。而中秋之时，孩子们都会向月亮仙子许愿祈求他们能够梦想成真。
The wood cutter - Wu Kang
伐木人&&吴刚
Wu Kang was a shiftless fellow who changed apprenticeships all the time. One day he decided that he wanted to be an immortal, so he went to live in the mountains where he importuned an immortal to teach him. First the immortal taught him about the herbs used to cure sickness, but after three days his characteristic restlessness returned and Wu Kang asked the immortal to teach him something else. So the immortal taught him chess, but after a short while Wu Kang's enthusiasm again waned. Then Wu Kang was given the books of immortality to study. Of course, Wu Kang became bored within a few days, and asked if they could travel to some new and exciting place. Angered with Wu Kang's impatience, the master banished Wu Kang to the Moon Palace telling him that he must cut down a huge cassia tree before he could return to earth. Though Wu Kang chopped day and night, the magical tree restored itself with each blow, and thus he is up there chopping still.
吴刚是个懒惰而又不学无数的学徒。有一天他想学道成仙，于是他住到深山里强求以为仙人教他法术。起初，仙人教他治病的草药，但三天之后吴刚不安定的本性就暴露出来了。他又求仙人教他其他的东西，于是仙人教他下棋，但不久之后吴刚又失去了兴趣。于是仙人给了他研习仙术的书籍。当然没几天吴刚又觉得无聊了，并问仙人能否远行到一些新鲜有趣的地方。气恼于吴刚毫无耐心的本性，仙人罚他去月宫，并告诉他除非他能砍倒一棵巨大的桂树，否则他就不能回到人间。虽然吴刚日夜砍伐，但这棵神奇的树每次被砍倒创伤又会自己愈合，于是吴刚只有夜以继日地砍伐。
The Hare - Jade Rabbit
野兔&&玉兔
In this legend, three fairy sages transformed themselves into pitiful old men and begged for something to eat from a fox, a monkey and a rabbit. The fox and the monkey both had food to give the old men, but the rabbit, empty-handed, offered his own flesh instead by jumping into a blazing fire to cook himself. The sages were so touched by the rabbit's sacrifice that they let him live in the Moon Palace where he became the &Jade Rabbit.&
传说中，三味仙人将自己变成可怜的老人向一只狐狸、猴子和兔子乞讨吃的，狐狸和猴子都将自己的食物分给了仙人，只有兔子自己跳入了火坑而将自己的肉献出来，先人们被兔子的牺牲所感动，于是将兔子留在了月宫，这只兔子后来变成了玉兔。
Families get together to eat mooncakes and celebrate the end of the harvest season on this day. Scholars write poems about the moon. This night is also made for romantic rendezvous. Friendships are made and renewed. No wonder the August Moon Festival has a special meaning to all who believe in the mystical powers of the moon.
每到这一天，亲人都会欢聚一堂吃月饼并庆祝丰收。文人们也写了很多跟月亮有关的诗。这个夜晚也是浪漫约会的好时刻。新朋旧友也因此相聚，难怪中秋节对于那些相信月亮神秘力量的人来说有着特殊意义。
When did this festival first begin? No exact date can be found in historical documents, but scholars assume that it is related to 2 customs in China.
中秋节最早是于什么时候庆祝的？目前古籍资料上还没有找到确切时间，但学者们认为他跟中国的两个习俗有关。
The first custom concerns farmers. China is an agricultural country, and farming is closely related to the seasons. In ancient times, farmers worshipped the Earth God to pray for a good harvest, when they sowed the seeds in spring. This was known as spring worship. During autumn, farmers also worshipped the Earth God to thank him for giving them a good harvest. This was known as autumn reward. Since the 15'& month of the 8th month is the time when rice paddies are harvested, some people believe that the Mid Autumn Festival came from the autumn reward ritual.
第一个习俗是关于农民的，中国是一个农业大国，而农业跟季节息息相关。在古代，农民们春天撒种播种时会向土地之神祈祷丰收。这就是著名的春日祭祀。到了秋天，人们会再次祭祀土地之神，感谢他给予人们丰收，这就是著名的秋日祭祀，因为阴历8月15日是水稻成熟之时，所以有些人认为中秋节是从秋日祭祀仪式演变而来的。
The second custom concerns worship of the moon. According to astronomy, the Mid Autumn Festival occurs at the autumn equinox. At this time, the sunlight shines vertically on the equator, equally dividing the day and night in both the southern and northern hemispheres. The moon appears in the evening with gentle winds and light clouds. This is the best time to watch the moon. People later made this day, the day to worship the moon.
第二个习俗与祭祀月亮有关。根据天文学，中秋节是秋分之时。在这个时候，太阳直射赤道，南北半球昼夜平分。月亮在晚上出现，云淡风轻，是观月的最佳时机。后来人们就把这一天定为祭祀月亮的日子。
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本文相关应用▼中秋节的由来与传说
　　中秋节的由来与传说
&&&&中秋节有悠久的历史，和其它传统节日一样，也是慢慢发展形成的，古代帝王有春天祭日，秋天祭月的礼制，早在《周礼》一书中，已有“中秋”一词的记载。后来贵族和文人学士也仿效起来，在中秋时节，对着天上又亮又圆一轮皓月，观赏祭拜，寄托情怀，这种习俗就这样传到民间，形成一个传统的活动，一直到了唐代，这种祭月的风俗更为人们重视，中秋节才成为固定的节日，《唐书?太宗记》记载有“八月十五中秋节”，这个节日盛行于宋朝，至明清时，已与元旦齐名，成为我国的主要节日之一。
中秋节的传说是非常丰富的，嫦娥奔月，吴刚伐桂，玉兔捣药之类的神话故事流传甚广。
　　中秋传说之一――嫦娥奔月
　　相传，远古时候天上有十日同时出现，晒得庄稼枯死，民不聊生，一个名叫后羿的英雄，力大无穷，他同情受苦的百姓，登上昆仑山顶，运足神力，拉开神弓，一气射下九个多太阳，并严令最后一个太阳按时起落，为民造福。
　　后羿因此受到百姓的尊敬和爱戴，后羿娶了个美丽善良的妻子，名叫嫦娥。后羿除传艺狩猎外，终日和妻子在一起，人们都羡慕这对郎才女貌的恩爱夫妻。
　　不少志士慕名前来投师学艺，心术不正的蓬蒙也混了进来。
　　一天，后羿到昆仑山访友求道，巧遇由此经过的王母娘娘，便向王母求得一包不死药。据说，服下此药，能即刻升天成仙。然而，后羿舍不得撇下妻子，只好暂时把不死药交给嫦娥珍藏。嫦娥将药藏进梳妆台的百宝匣里，不料被小人蓬蒙看见了，他想偷吃不死药自己成仙。
　　三天后，后羿率众徒外出狩猎，心怀鬼胎的蓬蒙假装生病，留了下来。待后羿率众人走后不久，蓬蒙手持宝剑闯入内宅后院，威逼嫦娥交出不死药。嫦娥知道自己不是蓬蒙的对手，危急之时她当机立断，转身打开百宝匣，拿出不死药一口吞了下去。嫦娥吞下药，身子立时飘离地面、冲出窗口，向天上飞去。由于嫦娥牵挂着丈夫，便飞落到离人间最近的月亮上成了仙。
　　傍晚，后羿回到家，侍女们哭诉了白天发生的事。后羿既惊又怒，抽剑去杀恶徒，蓬蒙早逃走了，后羿气得捶胸顿足，悲痛欲绝，仰望着夜空呼唤爱妻的名字，这时他惊奇地发现，今天的月亮格外皎洁明亮，而且有个晃动的身影酷似嫦娥。他拼命朝月亮追去，可是他追三步，月亮退三步，他退三步，月亮进三步，无论怎样也追不到跟前。
　　后羿无可奈何，又思念妻子，只好派人到嫦娥喜爱的后花园里，摆上香案，放上她平时最爱吃的蜜食鲜果，遥祭在月宫里眷恋着自己的嫦娥。百姓们闻知嫦娥奔月成仙的消息后，纷纷在月下摆设香案，向善良的嫦娥祈求吉祥平安。
　　从此，中秋节拜月的风俗在民间传开了。
　　中秋传说之二――吴刚折桂
　　关于中秋节还有一个传说：相传月亮上的广寒宫前的桂树生长繁茂，有五百多丈高，下边有一个人常在砍伐它，但是每次砍下去之后，被砍的地方又立即合拢了。几千年来，就这样随砍随合，这棵桂树永远也不能被砍光。据说这个砍树的人名叫吴刚，是汉朝西河人，曾跟随仙人修道，到了天界，但是他犯了错误，仙人就把他贬谪到月宫，日日做这种徒劳无功的苦差使，以示惩处。李白诗中有“欲斫月中桂，持为寒者薪”的记载。
　　中秋传说之三――朱元璋与月饼起义
　　中秋节吃月饼相传始于元代。当时，中原广大人民不堪忍受元朝统治阶级的残酷统治，纷纷起义抗元。朱元璋联合各路反抗力量准备起义。但朝庭官兵搜查的十分严密，传递消息十分困难。军师刘伯温便想出一计策，命令属下把藏有“八月十五夜起义”的纸条藏入饼子里面，再派人分头传送到各地起义军中，通知他们在八月十五日晚上起义响应。到了起义的那天，各路义军一齐响应，起义军如星火燎原。
　　很快，徐达就攻下元大都，起义成功了。消息传来，朱元璋高兴得连忙传下口谕，在即将来临的中秋节，让全体将士与民同乐，并将当年起兵时以秘密传递信息的“月饼”，作为节令糕点赏赐群臣。此后，“月饼”制作越发精细，品种更多，大者如圆盘，成为馈赠的佳品。以后中秋节吃月饼的习俗便在民间流传开来。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
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中秋节的来历是什么？中秋节有哪些传说？中秋节的习俗有哪些？各地的中秋节又有哪些风俗习惯。太平洋电脑网中秋节专题中秋节来历和习俗栏目告诉你中秋节的来历和各地中秋节的习俗。
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